Global change refers to the long-term alteration or modification of environmental conditions on a global scale. This can include changes in climate patterns, biodiversity loss, land use changes, and pollution levels, among other factors. Global change research aims to understand the causes and impacts of these changes, as well as to develop strategies for mitigating and adapting to them. This interdisciplinary field draws on insights from various scientific disciplines, including climatology, ecology, geology, and social sciences, to address complex and interconnected global challenges.